Rapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients improves cognitive alterations associated with metabolic syndrome
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2019-11-01; :
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.11.002
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Fourrier C(1), Kropp C(1), Aubert A(1), Sauvant J(1), Vaysse C(2), Chardigny JM(3), Layé S(1), Joffre C(1), Castanon N(4).
Author information:
(1)Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
(2)ITERG, Institut des corps gras, 33600 Pessac, France.
(3)INRA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Université Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche INRA Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21065 Dijon, France.
(4)Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: .
Metabolic syndrome represents a major risk factor for severe comorbidities such
as cardiovascular diseases or diabetes. It is also associated with an increased
prevalence of emotional and cognitive alterations that in turn aggravate the
disease and related outcomes. Identifying therapeutic strategies able to improve
those alterations is therefore a major socioeconomical and public health
challenge. We previously reported that both hippocampal inflammatory processes
and neuronal plasticity contribute to the development of emotional and cognitive
alterations in db/db mice, an experimental model of metabolic syndrome that
displays most of the classical features of the syndrome. In that context,
nutritional interventions with known impact on those neurobiological processes
appear as a promising alternative to limit the development of neurobiological
comorbidities of metabolic syndrome. We therefore tested here whether n-3
polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) associated with a cocktail of
antioxidants can protect against the development of behavioral alterations that
accompany the metabolic syndrome. Thus, this study aimed: 1) to evaluate if a
diet supplemented with the plant-derived n-3 PUFA α-linolenic acid (ALA) and
antioxidants (provided by n-3 PUFAs-rich rapeseed oil fortified with a mix of
naturally constituting antioxidant micronutrients, including coenzyme Q10,
tocopherol, and the phenolic compound canolol) improved behavioral alterations in
db/db mice, and 2) to decipher the biological mechanisms underlying this
behavioral effect. Although the supplemented diet did not improve anxiety-like
behavior and inflammatory abnormalities, it reversed hippocampus-dependent
spatial memory deficits displayed by db/db mice in a water maze task. It
concomitantly changed subunit composition of glutamatergic AMPA and NMDA
receptors in the hippocampus that has been shown to modulate synaptic function
related to spatial memory. These data suggest that changes in local neuronal
plasticity may underlie cognitive improvements in db/db mice fed the supplemented
diet. The current findings might therefore provide valuable data for introducing
new nutritional strategies for the treatment of behavioral complications
associated with MetS.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.11.002
PMID: 31731013