Involvement of dopamine loss in extrastriatal basal ganglia nuclei in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease
Front. Aging Neurosci.. 2014-05-13; 6:
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00087
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1. Front Aging Neurosci. 2014 May 13;6:87. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00087.
eCollection 2014.
Involvement of dopamine loss in extrastriatal basal ganglia nuclei in the
pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease.
Benazzouz A(1), Mamad O(2), Abedi P(2), Bouali-Benazzouz R(3), Chetrit J(1).
Author information:
(1)Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Bordeaux Segalen, UMR
5293 Bordeaux, France ; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives,
Université Bordeaux Segalen, UMR 5293 Bordeaux, France.
(2)Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Bordeaux Segalen, UMR
5293 Bordeaux, France ; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives,
Université Bordeaux Segalen, UMR 5293 Bordeaux, France ; Faculté des Sciences,
Equipe Rythmes Biologiques, Neurosciences et Environnement, Université Mohamed
V-Agdal Rabat, Morocco.
(3)Institut Interdisciplinaire des Neurosciences, Université Bordeaux Segalen,
UMR 5297 Bordeaux, France.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by the
manifestation of motor symptoms, such as akinesia, muscle rigidity and tremor at
rest. These symptoms are classically attributed to the degeneration of dopamine
neurons in the pars compacta of substantia nigra (SNc), which results in a
marked dopamine depletion in the striatum. It is well established that dopamine
neurons in the SNc innervate not only the striatum, which is the main target,
but also other basal ganglia nuclei including the two segments of globus
pallidus and the subthalamic nucleus (STN). The role of dopamine and its
depletion in the striatum is well known, however, the role of dopamine depletion
in the pallidal complex and the STN in the genesis of their abnormal neuronal
activity and in parkinsonian motor deficits is still not clearly determined.
Based on recent experimental data from animal models of Parkinson’s disease in
rodents and non-human primates and also from parkinsonian patients, this review
summarizes current knowledge on the role of dopamine in the modulation of basal
ganglia neuronal activity and also the role of dopamine depletion in these
nuclei in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease.
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00087
PMCID: PMC4026754
PMID: 24860498