BEaST: brain extraction based on nonlocal segmentation technique.
NeuroImage. 2012-02-01; 59(3): 2362-2373
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.09.012
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Eskildsen SF, Coupé P, Fonov V, Manjón JV, Leung KK, Guizard N, Wassef SN, Østergaard LR, Collins DL; Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.
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Brain extraction is an important step in the analysis of brain images. The
variability in brain morphology and the difference in intensity characteristics
due to imaging sequences make the development of a general purpose brain
extraction algorithm challenging. To address this issue, we propose a new robust
method (BEaST) dedicated to produce consistent and accurate brain extraction.
This method is based on nonlocal segmentation embedded in a multi-resolution
framework. A library of 80 priors is semi-automatically constructed from the
NIH-sponsored MRI study of normal brain development, the International Consortium
for Brain Mapping, and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative databases.
In testing, a mean Dice similarity coefficient of 0.9834±0.0053 was obtained when
performing leave-one-out cross validation selecting only 20 priors from the
library. Validation using the online Segmentation Validation Engine resulted in a
top ranking position with a mean Dice coefficient of 0.9781±0.0047. Robustness of
BEaST is demonstrated on all baseline ADNI data, resulting in a very low failure
rate. The segmentation accuracy of the method is better than two widely used
publicly available methods and recent state-of-the-art hybrid approaches. BEaST
provides results comparable to a recent label fusion approach, while being 40
times faster and requiring a much smaller library of priors.