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Thesis defense – Valentine Chirokoff

Name: <span>Thesis defense – </span>Valentine Chirokoff
Start: 2023-12-13T14:30:00+01:00
End: 2023-12-13T14:30:00+01:00

13 December 2023 / 14:30

Venue : BBS Amphitheater

Thesis defense in french

Valentine Chirokoff
INCIA
Team : Motor control and cognition
Thesis directed by Joel Swendsen and Sandra Chanraud

Title

Cognitive processes in Addiction: from Brain to Daily-Life

Abstract

Addiction is a major public health issue characterised by a high relapse rate, potentially sustained by the intensity of the urge to use a substance (craving), and deficits in high- order cognitive functioning. In this thesis, I have used smartphones-based Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to provide repeated measures of inhibition performance, craving, and substance use in patients with different addiction to different substances (alcohol, nicotine, cannabis) and in healthy controls. In parallel, we acquired multimodal brain imaging data of the same patients. The first objective was to quantify the influence of craving dynamics and of momentary inhibition performance on substance use in daily life. A second objective was to determine the association of these variables with underlying anatomofunctional brain connectivity. Using prospective modelling analyses, we first demonstrated that patients exhibit highly unstable craving symptoms whose fluctuations predicted substance use beyond mean intensity. The more unstable the patient’s craving was, the more participants tended to use substances; this relationship was also related to functional connectivity between interoceptive, limbic, and executive brain areas. To further elucidate the factors influencing substances use, our second study aimed to examine the interplay between inhibition performance, craving, and substance use at the momentary level. We highlighted a vicious circle in which substance use at a one-time point predicted higher probabilities of using again later. However, the level of inhibition performance concurrently assessed permitted both 1) to predict a lower use probability at the following time assessment and 2) to break this vicious circle by mediating the link between use and future use. Real-time inhibition performance was also linked to functional connectivity within a fronto-occipito-cerebellar network, itself predicting lower probability of use. Whereas this study did not reveal either an interplay between inhibition and craving or an overlap of their cerebral bases, it emphasised the direct protective effect against use of inhibition and underlying cerebral markers. Finally, we aimed at searching for cerebral markers that could be related to both the cognitive and functional factors highlighted previously. In the last study, we demonstrated that impairments in inhibition was linked to poorer brain integrity in major white matter pathways connecting the frontal cortex to the rest of the brain ; anatomical connectivity was also linked to the measured functional connectivity in fronto-occipito-cerebellar network. Furthermore, white matter integrity in the same network was moderating the effect of inhibition on use, whereby better inhibition was predictive of a lower probability of use in patients with higher white matter integrity indexes. Here, for the first time, psychological data were directly linked to the brain integrity and functioning markers, enabling a multi-level prediction of use which incorporates the strong psychological and biological interaction well characterised in addiction. Moving forward into a clinical perspective, these markers could allow to identify patients at high-risk of use in real-time.

Key words

Addiction ; EMA ; Executive Functions ; craving, cerebral markers

Publications

Chirokoff, V., Di Scala, G., Swendsen, J., Dilharregui B., Berthoz S., Chanraud, S. (2022). Impact of metacognitive and psychological factors in learning-induced plasticity of resting state networks. Biology.

Chirokoff, V., Abdallah, M., Serre, F., Auriacombe, M., Fatseas, M., Dupuy, M., Berthoz, S., Chanraud, S. & Swendsen, J. (2022). Craving Dynamics and its functional substrates in substance use disorders. Under review at Addiction Neurosciences.

Chirokoff, V., Berthoz, S. Fatseas, M., Misdrahi, D., Dupuy, M., Abdallah, M., Serre, F., Auriacombe, M., S., Sulivan, E., Pfeffeurbaum, A., Chanraud, S. (2023). Identifying the role of (dis)inhibition in the vicious cycle of substance use through Ecological Momentary Assessment and resting-state fMRI . – Under review at Translational Psychiatry.

Chirokoff, V., Pohl, K., Dupuy, M., Abdallah, M., Misdrahi, D., Serre, F., Auriacombe, M., Fatseas, M., Berthoz, S., Swendsen, J., Pfefferbaum, A., Sullivan, E. & Chanraud, S. (2023). Multi-level prediction of substance use: interaction of white matter integrity, resting-state connectivity, and inhibitory control measured repeatedly in every-day life. – Under review at Addiction Biology.

Soussi C, Berthoz S, Chirokoff V, Chanraud S. Interindividual Brain and Behavior Differences in Adaptation to Unexpected Uncertainty. Biology. 2023; 12(10):1323.

Ioannucci, S., Chirokoff, V., Dilharreguy, B., Ozenne, V., Chanraud, S., & Zénon, A. (2023). Neural fatigue by passive induction: repeated stimulus exposure results in cognitive fatigue and altered representations in task-relevant networks. Communications Biology, 6(1), 142.

Morawetz, C., Berboth, S., Chirokoff, V., Chanraud, S., Misdrahi, D., Serre, F., … & Swendsen, J. (2022). Mood Variability Craving and Substance Use Disorders: From Intrinsic Brain Network Connectivity to Daily Life Experience. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging.

Jakubiec, L., Chirokoff, V., Abdallah, M., Sanz-Arigita, E., Dupuy, M., Swendsen, J., … & Fatseas, M. (2022). The executive functioning paradox in substance use disorders. Biomedicines,

Abdallah, M., Farrugia, N., Chirokoff, V., & Chanraud, S. (2020). Static and dynamic aspects of cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity are associated with self-reported measures of impulsivity: A resting-state fMRI study. Network Neuroscience, 4(3), 891-909.

Jury

Pr Stacey Callahan (Rapporteur),
Pr Fabien Gierski (Examinateur),
Pr Jean Philippe Ranjeva (Examinateur)
Dr Anne Lise Pitel (Rapporteur)