Configuration of electrical spinal cord stimulation through real-time processing of gait kinematics
Nat Protoc. 2018-09-01; 13(9): 2031-2061
DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0030-9
Read on PubMed
1. Nat Protoc. 2018 Sep;13(9):2031-2061. doi: 10.1038/s41596-018-0030-9.
Configuration of electrical spinal cord stimulation through real-time processing
of gait kinematics.
Capogrosso M(1)(2), Wagner FB(1), Gandar J(1), Moraud EM(1)(3), Wenger N(4)(5),
Milekovic T(1), Shkorbatova P(1), Pavlova N(6), Musienko P(6)(7)(8), Bezard
E(9)(10), Bloch J(11), Courtine G(12)(13).
Author information:
(1)Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences,
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
(2)Platform of Translational Neuroscience and Department of Neuroscience and
Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg,
Fribourg, Switzerland.
(3)Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford,
UK.
(4)Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité
Universitatsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
(5)Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universtitatsmedizin Berlin,
Berlin, Germany.
(6)Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St.
Petersburg, Russia.
(7)Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Healthcare of
the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia.
(8)Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ministry of
Healthcare of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia.
(9)University of Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293,
Bordeaux, France.
(10)CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.
(11)Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne,
Switzerland.
(12)Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life
Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
.
(13)Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne,
Switzerland. .
Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) of the spinal cord and real-time processing
of gait kinematics are powerful methods for the study of locomotion and the
improvement of motor control after injury or in neurological disorders. Here, we
describe equipment and surgical procedures that can be used to acquire chronic
electromyographic (EMG) recordings from leg muscles and to implant targeted
spinal cord stimulation systems that remain stable up to several months after
implantation in rats and nonhuman primates. We also detail how to exploit these
implants to configure electrical spinal cord stimulation policies that allow
control over the degree of extension and flexion of each leg during locomotion.
This protocol uses real-time processing of gait kinematics and locomotor
performance, and can be configured within a few days. Once configured,
stimulation bursts are delivered over specific spinal cord locations with precise
timing that reproduces the natural spatiotemporal activation of motoneurons
during locomotion. These protocols can also be easily adapted for the safe
implantation of systems in the vicinity of the spinal cord and to conduct
experiments involving real-time movement feedback and closed-loop controllers.
DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0030-9
PMID: 30190556