2D versus 3D human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cultures for neurodegenerative disease modelling
Mol Neurodegeneration. 2018-05-22; 13(1):
DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0258-4
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1. Mol Neurodegener. 2018 May 22;13(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s13024-018-0258-4.
2D versus 3D human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cultures for
neurodegenerative disease modelling.
Centeno EGZ(1)(2), Cimarosti H(3), Bithell A(4).
Author information:
(1)Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do
Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96160-000, Brazil.
(2)Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus
Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
(3)Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus
Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil. .
(4)School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6
6UB, UK. .
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s
disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),
affect millions of people every year and so far, there are no therapeutic cures
available. Even though animal and histological models have been of great aid in
understanding disease mechanisms and identifying possible therapeutic
strategies, in order to find disease-modifying solutions there is still a
critical need for systems that can provide more predictive and physiologically
relevant results. One possible avenue is the development of patient-derived
models, e.g. by reprogramming patient somatic cells into human induced
pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which can then be differentiated into any cell
type for modelling. These systems contain key genetic information from the
donors, and therefore have enormous potential as tools in the investigation of
pathological mechanisms underlying disease phenotype, and progression, as well
as in drug testing platforms. hiPSCs have been widely cultured in 2D systems,
but in order to mimic human brain complexity, 3D models have been proposed as a
more advanced alternative. This review will focus on the use of patient-derived
hiPSCs to model AD, PD, HD and ALS. In brief, we will cover the available stem
cells, types of 2D and 3D culture systems, existing models for neurodegenerative
diseases, obstacles to model these diseases in vitro, and current perspectives
in the field.
DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0258-4
PMCID: PMC5964712
PMID: 29788997 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
Conflict of interest statement: ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Not
applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing
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