Microglia, Lifestyle Stress, and Neurodegeneration.
Immunity. 2020-02-01; 52(2): 222-240
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.003
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1. Immunity. 2020 Feb 18;52(2):222-240. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.003. Epub 2020
Jan 7.
Microglia, Lifestyle Stress, and Neurodegeneration.
Madore C(1), Yin Z(1), Leibowitz J(1), Butovsky O(2).
Author information:
(1)Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
(2)Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Evergrande Center
for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: .
Recent years have witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia
biology, including their major role in the etiology and pathogenesis of
neurodegenerative diseases. Technological advances have enabled the
identification of microglial signatures in health and disease, including the
development of new models to investigate and manipulate human microglia in vivo
in the context of disease. In parallel, genetic association studies have
identified several gene risk factors associated with Alzheimer’s disease that are
specifically or highly expressed by microglia in the central nervous system
(CNS). Here, we discuss evidence for the effect of stress, diet, sleep patterns,
physical activity, and microbiota composition on microglia biology and consider
how lifestyle might influence an individual’s predisposition to neurodegenerative
diseases. We discuss how different lifestyles and environmental factors might
regulate microglia, potentially leading to increased susceptibility to
neurodegenerative disease, and we highlight the need to investigate the
contribution of modern environmental factors on microglia modulation in
neurodegeneration.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.003
PMCID: PMC7234821
PMID: 31924476 [Indexed for MEDLINE]