Enriched dairy fat matrix diet prevents early life lipopolysaccharide-induced spatial memory impairment at adulthood
Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. 2016-10-01; 113: 9-18
DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.08.013
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Dinel AL(1), Rey C(2), Baudry C(3), Fressange-Mazda C(3), Le Ruyet P(3), Nadjar
A(4), Pallet P(4), Joffre C(4), Layé S(4).
Author information:
(1)Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France;
University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
(2)Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France;
University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; ITERG, Institut des Corps Gras, 33600
Pessac, France.
(3)Lactalis, R&D, Retiers F-35240, France.
(4)Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France;
University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential fatty acids, which are critical
for brain development and later life cognitive functions. The main brain PUFAs
are docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for the n-3 family and arachidonic acid (ARA) for
the n-6 family, which are provided to the post-natal brain by breast milk or
infant formula. Recently, the use of dairy lipids (DL) in replacement of
vegetable lipids (VL) was revealed to potently promote the accretion of DHA in
the developing brain. Brain DHA, in addition to be a key component of brain
development, display potent anti-inflammatory activities, which protect the brain
from adverse inflammatory events. In this work, we evaluated the protective
effect of partial replacement of VL by DL, supplemented or not with DHA and ARA,
on post-natal inflammation and its consequence on memory. Mice were fed with
diets poor in vegetal n-3 PUFA (Def VL), balanced in vegetal n-3/n-6 PUFA (Bal
VL), balanced in dairy lipids (Bal DL) or enriched in DHA and ARA (Supp VL; Supp
DL) from the first day of gestation until adulthood. At post-natal day 14
(PND14), pups received a single administration of the endotoxin
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and brain cytokine expression, microglia phenotype and
neurogenesis were measured. In a second set of experiments, memory and
neurogenesis were measured at adulthood. Overall, our data showed that lipid
quality of the diet modulates early life LPS effect on microglia phenotype, brain
cytokine expression and neurogenesis at PND14 and memory at adulthood. In
particular, Bal DL diet protects from the adverse effect of early life LPS
exposure on PND14 neurogenesis and adult spatial memory.
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