Nutritional n-3 PUFAs deficiency during perinatal periods alters brain innate immune system and neuronal plasticity-associated genes
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2014-10-01; 41: 22-31
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.03.021
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1. Brain Behav Immun. 2014 Oct;41:22-31. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.03.021. Epub 2014
Apr 13.
Nutritional n-3 PUFAs deficiency during perinatal periods alters brain innate
immune system and neuronal plasticity-associated genes.
Madore C(1), Nadjar A(1), Delpech JC(1), Sere A(1), Aubert A(1), Portal C(1),
Joffre C(1), Layé S(2).
Author information:
(1)INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France;
Univ. Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux,
France.
(2)INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France;
Univ. Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux,
France. Electronic address: .
Low dietary intake of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is a causative
factor of neurodevelopmental disorders. However the mechanisms linking n-3 PUFAs
low dietary intake and neurodevelopmental disorders are poorly understood.
Microglia, known mainly for their immune function in the injured or infected
brain, have recently been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in regulating
maturation of neuronal circuits during normal brain development. Disruption of
this role during the perinatal period therefore could significantly contribute to
psychopathologies with a neurodevelopmental neurodevelopmental component. N-3
PUFAs, essential lipids and key structural components of neuronal membrane
phospholipids, are highly incorporated in cell membranes during the gestation and
lactation phase. We previously showed that in a context of perinatal n-3 PUFAs
deficiency, accretion of these latter is decreased and this is correlated to an
alteration of endotoxin-induced inflammatory response. We thus postulated that
dietary n-3 PUFAs imbalance alters the activity of microglia in the developing
brain, leading to abnormal formation of neuronal networks. We first confirmed
that mice fed with a n-3 PUFAs deficient diet displayed decreased n-3 PUFAs
levels in the brain at post-natal days (PND)0 and PND21. We then demonstrated
that n-3 PUFAs deficiency altered microglia phenotype and motility in the
post-natal developing brain. This was paralleled by an increase in
pro-inflammatory cytokines expression at PND21 and to modification of neuronal
plasticity-related genes expression. Overall, our findings show for the first
time that a dietary n-3 PUFAs deficiency from the first day of gestation leads to
the development of a pro-inflammatory condition in the central nervous system
that may contribute to neurodevelopmental alterations.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.03.021
PMID: 24735929 [Indexed for MEDLINE]