Internet gaming disorder in the DSM-5, controversies and answers related to its diagnosis and its definition,L’addiction aux jeux vidéo dans le DSM-5, controverses et réponses relatives à son diagnostic et sa définition

Résumé

Objectifs

L’objectif de ce travail était d’examiner la proposition d’internet gaming disorder (addiction aux jeux vidéo) du DSM-5, de rendre compte de la controverse immédiate survenue à la suite et d’examiner l’apport du diagnostic de gaming disorder de la CIM-11.

Méthode

Une analyse descriptive a été élaborée à partir des documents princeps du DSM-5 et des critiques faites pour inventorier les points faisant débat. Une analyse critique a été réalisée afin de répondre à ces points. Enfin, nous avons examiné l’apport du diagnostic de gaming disorder de la CIM-11.

Résultats

L’analyse critique propose des réponses aux points de débat soulevés concernant la définition, la pertinence clinique des critères diagnostiques, la prévalence, l’évolution et les comorbidités de l’addiction aux jeux vidéo du DSM-5. L’apport du gaming disorder de la CIM-11 a pu être examiné et les controverses entourant ce diagnostic ont été rapportées.

Discussion

Des réponses cohérentes ont été obtenues concernant la définition de l’internet gaming disorder. La prévalence, ses comorbidités et leur évolution restent débattues. Des différences de validité des critères diagnostiques sont retrouvées. Le craving semble être un critère potentiel. Il reste à définir si l’approche du gaming disorder reflètera mieux le trouble de l’usage des jeux vidéo.

Conclusions

L’addiction aux jeux vidéo est de plus en plus reconnue. Les récentes recherches ont permis une avancée dans la compréhension de cette pathologie mentale. Des études complémentaires sont nécessaires pour répondre aux incohérences restantes.

Mots clés : Addiction comportementale, Controverse, Gaming disorder, Internet gaming disorder, Jeux vidéo, Trouble de l’usage

Abstract

Objective

The objective of this work was to examine the proposal of the DSM-5 Internet Gaming Disorder diagnosis and to report on the immediate controversy that has arisen as a result and examine the contribution of the gaming disorder diagnosis proposed for the ICD-11.

Methods

A descriptive analysis was developed based on the Internet Gaming Disorder chapter of the DSM-5, the descriptive related article and the comments published following this article to identify points discussed. A critical analysis was then carried out to examine whether it was possible to respond to these points. Finally, we examined the contribution of the gaming disorder diagnosis.

Results

The descriptive analysis presented the diagnosis of Internet Gaming Disorder, its criteria and comments. The critical analysis provided answers to the points of debate raised, and reports the various arguments in the literature regarding the definition of this disorder, its categorization as a behavioral addiction, the clinical relevance of its diagnostic criteria, its prevalence, its evolution and its comorbidities. The contribution of gaming disorder, to be published in ICD-11, could be examined and the controversies surrounding this diagnosis were reported.

Discussion

Consistent responses were obtained regarding the definition of Internet Gaming Disorder as a behavioral addiction. The inaccuracies about offline gaming and Internet addiction have been removed. The diagnostic threshold has been determined. However, the prevalence of the disorder, its co-morbidities, and its evolution remain debated. Significant differences in the validity of diagnostic criteria have been found, and craving appears to be a potential new criterion. The diagnosis of gaming disorder proposes a new method for evaluating this disorder. Nevertheless, it remains to be seen whether the application of this approach will better reflect the disorder of video game use than that proposed by the DSM-5.

Conclusion

Behavioral addiction to video games most likely exists, and this diagnosis is increasingly recognized. Controversies and studies on this subject over the past five years have led to progress in the understanding of this disorder and a uniform theoretical approach. Answers have been provided to many points of the debate, but further studies are needed to address the remaining inconsistencies in current conceptualizations.

Keywords : Behavioral addiction, Controversy, Diagnostic criteria, Gaming disorder, Internet gaming disorder, Use disorder, Video games

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