Biophysical mechanisms regulating AMPA receptor accumulation at synapses.
Brain Research Bulletin. 2013-04-01; 93: 57-68
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.11.001
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1. Brain Res Bull. 2013 Apr;93:57-68. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.11.001. Epub
2012 Nov 19.
Biophysical mechanisms regulating AMPA receptor accumulation at synapses.
Czöndör K(1), Thoumine O.
Author information:
(1)Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
Controlling the number of AMPA receptors at synapses is fundamental for fast
synaptic transmission as well as for long term adaptations in synaptic strength.
In this review, we examine the biophysical mechanisms implicated in regulating
AMPAR levels at the cell surface and at synapses. We first describe the structure
and function of AMPARs, as well as their interactions with various proteins
regulating their traffic and function. Second we review the vesicular trafficking
mechanism involving exocytosis and endocytosis, by which AMPARs reach the cell
surface and are internalized, respectively. Third, we examine the properties of
lateral diffusion of AMPARs and their trapping at post-synaptic densities.
Finally, we discuss how these two parallel mechanisms are integrated in time and
space to control changes in synaptic AMPAR levels in response to plasticity
protocols. This review highlights the important role of the extra-synaptic AMPAR
pool, which makes an obligatory link between vesicular trafficking and trapping
or release at synapses.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.11.001
PMID: 23174308 [Indexed for MEDLINE]