The resting state questionnaire: An introspective questionnaire for evaluation of inner experience during the conscious resting state
Brain Research Bulletin. 2010-04-01; 81(6): 565-573
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.11.014
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1. Brain Res Bull. 2010 Apr 5;81(6):565-73. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.11.014.
Epub 2009 Dec 7.
The resting state questionnaire: An introspective questionnaire for evaluation of
inner experience during the conscious resting state.
Delamillieure P(1), Doucet G, Mazoyer B, Turbelin MR, Delcroix N, Mellet E, Zago
L, Crivello F, Petit L, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Joliot M.
Author information:
(1)Centre d’Imagerie-Neurosciences et Applications aux Pathologies, UMR6232 CNRS,
CEA, Universités de Caen et Paris Descartes, GIP-Cyceron, Bd Henri Becquerel,
BP5229, 14074 Caen, France.
We designed a semi-structured questionnaire for the introspective evaluation of
inner experience of participants undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging
(fMRI) in the resting state. This resting state questionnaire (ReSQ) consists of
62 items organized by five main types of mental activity: visual mental imagery
(IMAG); inner language (LANG), split into two subtypes, inner speech (SPEE) and
auditory mental imagery (AUDI); somatosensory awareness (SOMA); inner musical
experience (MUSI); and mental manipulation of numbers (NUMB). For IMAG and LANG,
additional questions estimated association of such activities with ongoing
learning, retrospective memories, or prospective thoughts. Using a 0-100% scale,
the participant quantitatively rated the proportion of time spent in each mental
activity during the resting state fMRI acquisition. A total of 180 healthy
volunteers completed the ReSQ immediately after being scanned with fMRI while at
rest. Of these, 66% exhibited dominance of a type of mental activity at rest
(IMAG: 35%; LANG: 17%; SOMA: 7%; MUSI: 6%; NUMB: 1%). A majority of participants
reported either retrospective memories (82%) or prospective thoughts (78%), with
58% of participants reporting both in at least one type of mental activity.
Thoughts related to ongoing learning were low (37% of participants). The present
results are consistent with those of previous studies investigating inner
experience in a natural environment. In conclusion, we provide a robust and
easy-to-implement tool for the exploration of mental activities during rest of
healthy participants undergoing fMRI. This tool relies on normative data acquired
from a 180-participant sample balanced for sex and handedness.
Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.11.014
PMID: 20003916 [Indexed for MEDLINE]