The integrative role of CNS fuel-sensing mechanisms in energy balance and glucose regulation.

Darleen Sandoval, Daniela Cota, Randy J. Seeley
Annu. Rev. Physiol.. 2008-03-01; 70(1): 513-535
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.120806.095256

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1. Annu Rev Physiol. 2008;70:513-35.

The integrative role of CNS fuel-sensing mechanisms in energy balance and glucose
regulation.

Sandoval D(1), Cota D, Seeley RJ.

Author information:
(1)Department of Psychiatry, Genome Research Institute, University of Cincinnati,
Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA.

The incidences of both obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are rising at
epidemic proportions. Despite this, the balance between caloric intake and
expenditure is tremendously accurate under most circumstances. Growing evidence
suggests that nutrient and hormonal signals converge and directly act on brain
centers, leading to changes in fuel metabolism and, thus, stable body weight over
time. Growing evidence also suggests that these same signals act on the central
nervous system (CNS) to regulate glucose metabolism independently. We propose
that this is not coincidental and that the CNS responds to peripheral signals to
orchestrate changes in both energy and glucose homeostasis. In this way the CNS
ensures that the nutrient demands of peripheral tissues (and likely of the brain
itself) are being met. Consequently, dysfunction of the ability of the CNS to
integrate fuel-sensing signals may underlie the etiology of metabolic diseases
such as obesity and diabetes.

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.120806.095256
PMID: 17988209 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

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