The genome of Tetranychus urticae reveals herbivorous pest adaptations

Miodrag Grbić, Thomas Van Leeuwen, Richard M. Clark, Stephane Rombauts, Pierre Rouzé, Vojislava Grbić, Edward J. Osborne, Wannes Dermauw, Phuong Cao Thi Ngoc, Félix Ortego, Pedro Hernández-Crespo, Isabel Diaz, Manuel Martinez, Maria Navajas, Élio Sucena, Sara Magalhães, Lisa Nagy, Ryan M. Pace, Sergej Djuranović, Guy Smagghe, Masatoshi Iga, Olivier Christiaens, Jan A. Veenstra, John Ewer, Rodrigo Mancilla Villalobos, Jeffrey L. Hutter, Stephen D. Hudson, Marisela Velez, Soojin V. Yi, Jia Zeng, Andre Pires-daSilva, Fernando Roch, Marc Cazaux, Marie Navarro, Vladimir Zhurov, Gustavo Acevedo, Anica Bjelica, Jeffrey A. Fawcett, Eric Bonnet, Cindy Martens, Guy Baele, Lothar Wissler, Aminael Sanchez-Rodriguez, Luc Tirry, Catherine Blais, Kristof Demeestere, Stefan R. Henz, T. Ryan Gregory, Johannes Mathieu, Lou Verdon, Laurent Farinelli, Jeremy Schmutz, Erika Lindquist, René Feyereisen, Yves Van de Peer
Nature. 2011-11-01; 479(7374): 487-492
DOI: 10.1038/nature10640

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Grbić M(1), Van Leeuwen T, Clark RM, Rombauts S, Rouzé P, Grbić V, Osborne EJ,
Dermauw W, Ngoc PC, Ortego F, Hernández-Crespo P, Diaz I, Martinez M, Navajas M,
Sucena É, Magalhães S, Nagy L, Pace RM, Djuranović S, Smagghe G, Iga M,
Christiaens O, Veenstra JA, Ewer J, Villalobos RM, Hutter JL, Hudson SD, Velez M,
Yi SV, Zeng J, Pires-daSilva A, Roch F, Cazaux M, Navarro M, Zhurov V, Acevedo G,
Bjelica A, Fawcett JA, Bonnet E, Martens C, Baele G, Wissler L, Sanchez-Rodriguez
A, Tirry L, Blais C, Demeestere K, Henz SR, Gregory TR, Mathieu J, Verdon L,
Farinelli L, Schmutz J, Lindquist E, Feyereisen R, Van de Peer Y.

Author information:
(1)Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7,Canada.

The spider mite Tetranychus urticae is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest with an
extensive host plant range and an extreme record of pesticide resistance. Here we
present the completely sequenced and annotated spider mite genome, representing
the first complete chelicerate genome. At 90 megabases T. urticae has the
smallest sequenced arthropod genome. Compared with other arthropods, the spider
mite genome shows unique changes in the hormonal environment and organization of
the Hox complex, and also reveals evolutionary innovation of silk production. We
find strong signatures of polyphagy and detoxification in gene families
associated with feeding on different hosts and in new gene families acquired by
lateral gene transfer. Deep transcriptome analysis of mites feeding on different
plants shows how this pest responds to a changing host environment. The T.
urticae genome thus offers new insights into arthropod evolution and
plant-herbivore interactions, and provides unique opportunities for developing
novel plant protection strategies.

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