The covariation of independent and dependant variables in neurofeedback: a proposal framework to identify cognitive processes and brain activity variables.
Consciousness and Cognition. 2014-05-01; 26: 162-168
DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.03.007
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1. Conscious Cogn. 2014 May;26:162-8. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.03.007. Epub 2014
Apr 19.
The covariation of independent and dependant variables in neurofeedback: a
proposal framework to identify cognitive processes and brain activity variables.
Micoulaud-Franchi JA(1), Quiles C(2), Fond G(3), Cermolacce M(4), Vion-Dury J(4).
Author information:
(1)Solaris, Pôle de Psychiatrie Universitaire, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 270 Bd
Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences
Cognitives (LNC), UMR CNRS 7291, 31 Aix-Marseille Université, Site St Charles, 3
place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France; Unité de Neurophysiologie et
Psychophysiologie, Fondation FondaMental, Pôle de Psychiatrie Universitaire, CHU
Sainte-Marguerite, 270 Bd Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France. Electronic
address: .
(2)Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte,
121 Rue de la Béchade, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France; Université Bordeaux Segalen,
146 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
(3)Université Paris Est-Créteil, Pôle de psychiatrie du Groupe des hôpitaux
universitaires de Mondor, INSERM U955, Eq Psychiatrie Génétique, Fondation
FondaMental Fondation de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, France.
(4)Solaris, Pôle de Psychiatrie Universitaire, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 270 Bd
Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences
Cognitives (LNC), UMR CNRS 7291, 31 Aix-Marseille Université, Site St Charles, 3
place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille Cedex 3, France; Unité de Neurophysiologie et
Psychophysiologie, Fondation FondaMental, Pôle de Psychiatrie Universitaire, CHU
Sainte-Marguerite, 270 Bd Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France.
This methodological article proposes a framework for analysing the relationship
between cognitive processes and brain activity using variables measured by
neurofeedback (NF) carried out by functional Magnetic Resonance Imagery (fMRI
NF). Cognitive processes and brain activity variables can be analysed as either
the dependant variable or the independent variable. Firstly, we propose two
traditional approaches, defined in the article as the « neuropsychological »
approach (NP) and the « psychophysiology » approach (PP), to extract dependent and
independent variables in NF protocols. Secondly, we suggest that NF can be
inspired by the style of inquiry used in neurophenomenology. fMRI NF allows
participants to experiment with his or her own cognitive processes and their
effects on brain region of interest (ROI) activations simultaneously. Thus, we
suggest that fMRI NF could be improved by implementing « the elicitation interview
method », which allows the investigator to gather relevant verbatim from
participants’ introspection on subjective experiences.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.03.007
PMID: 24755406 [Indexed for MEDLINE]