The cocaine and oxycodone biobanks, two repositories from genetically diverse and behaviorally characterized rats for the study of addiction

Lieselot LG Carrette, Giordano de Guglielmo, Marsida Kallupi, Lisa Maturin, Molly Brennan, Brent Boomhower, Dana Conlisk, Sharona Sedighim, Lani Tieu, McKenzie J Fannon, Nathan Velarde, Jenni Kononoff, Adam Kimbrough, Sierra Simpson, Lauren C Smith, Kokila Shankar, Francisco Ramirez, Apurva S. Chitre, Bonnie Lin, Oksana Polesskaya, Leah C. Solberg Woods, Abraham A. Palmer, Olivier George
eNeuro. 2021-04-19; : ENEURO.0033-21.2021
DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0033-21.2021

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Carrette LLG(1)(2), de Guglielmo G(1), Kallupi M(1), Maturin L(1), Brennan M(1), Boomhower B(1), Conlisk D(3), Sedighim S(1), Tieu L(1), Fannon MJ(1), Velarde N(1), Martinez AR(1), Kononoff J(3), Kimbrough A(1), Simpson S(1), Smith LC(1)(3), Shankar K(1)(3), Ramirez FJ(1), Chitre AS(1), Lin B(1), Polesskaya O(1), Solberg Woods LC(4), Palmer AA(1)(5), George O(6).

Author information:
(1)Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
(2)Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
(3)Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.
(4)Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157.
(5)Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
(6)Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 .

The rat oxycodone and cocaine biobanks contain samples that vary by genotypes (by
using genetically diverse genotyped HS rats), phenotypes (by measuring
addiction-like behaviors in an advanced SA model), timepoints (samples are
collected longitudinally before, during, and after SA, and terminally at three
different timepoints in the addiction cycle: intoxication, withdrawal, and
abstinence or without exposure to drugs through age-matched naive rats), samples
collected (organs, cells, biofluids, feces), preservation
(paraformaldehyde-fixed, snap-frozen, or cryopreserved) and application
(proteomics, transcriptomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, epigenetics, anatomy,
circuitry analysis, biomarker discovery, etc.Substance use disorders (SUDs) are
pervasive in our society and have substantial personal and socioeconomical costs.
A critical hurdle in identifying biomarkers and novel targets for medication
development is the lack of resources for obtaining biological samples with a
detailed behavioral characterization of SUD. Moreover, it is nearly impossible to
find longitudinal samples. As part of two ongoing large-scale behavioral genetic
studies in heterogeneous stock (HS) rats, we have created two preclinical
biobanks using well-validated long access (LgA) models of intravenous cocaine and
oxycodone self-administration (SA) and comprehensive characterization of
addiction-related behaviors. The genetic diversity in HS rats mimics diversity in
the human population and includes individuals that are vulnerable or resilient to
compulsive-like responding for cocaine or oxycodone. Longitudinal samples are
collected throughout the experiment, before exposure to the drug, during
intoxication, acute withdrawal, and protracted abstinence, and include naive,
age-matched controls. Samples include, but are not limited to, blood plasma,
feces and urine, whole brains, brain slices and punches, kidney, liver, spleen,
ovary, testis, and adrenal glands. Three preservation methods (fixed in
formaldehyde, snap-frozen, or cryopreserved) are used to facilitate diverse
downstream applications such as proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics,
epigenomics, microbiomics, neuroanatomy, biomarker discovery, and other cellular
and molecular approaches. To date, >20,000 samples have been collected from over
1000 unique animals and made available free of charge to non-profit institutions
through https://www.cocainebiobank.org/ and https://www.oxycodonebiobank.org/.

Copyright © 2021 Carrette et al.

 

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