Savings for visuomotor adaptation require prior history of error, not prior repetition of successful actions
Journal of Neurophysiology. 2016-10-01; 116(4): 1603-1614
DOI: 10.1152/jn.01055.2015
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1. J Neurophysiol. 2016 Oct 1;116(4):1603-1614. doi: 10.1152/jn.01055.2015. Epub
2016 Jul 13.
Savings for visuomotor adaptation require prior history of error, not prior
repetition of successful actions.
Leow LA(1), de Rugy A(2), Marinovic W(3), Riek S(4), Carroll TJ(4).
Author information:
(1)Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, School of Human Movement and Nutrition
Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
.
(2)Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, School of Human Movement and Nutrition
Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institut
de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287,
Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
(3)School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western
Australia, Australia; and Centre of Clinical Research Excellent in Spinal Pain,
Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
(4)Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, School of Human Movement and Nutrition
Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
When we move, perturbations to our body or the environment can elicit
discrepancies between predicted and actual outcomes. We readily adapt movements
to compensate for such discrepancies, and the retention of this learning is
evident as savings, or faster readaptation to a previously encountered
perturbation. The mechanistic processes contributing to savings, or even the
necessary conditions for savings, are not fully understood. One theory suggests
that savings requires increased sensitivity to previously experienced errors:
when perturbations evoke a sequence of correlated errors, we increase our
sensitivity to the errors experienced, which subsequently improves error
correction (Herzfeld et al. 2014). An alternative theory suggests that a memory
of actions is necessary for savings: when an action becomes associated with
successful target acquisition through repetition, that action is more rapidly
retrieved at subsequent learning (Huang et al. 2011). In the present study, to
better understand the necessary conditions for savings, we tested how savings is
affected by prior experience of similar errors and prior repetition of the action
required to eliminate errors using a factorial design. Prior experience of errors
induced by a visuomotor rotation in the savings block was either prevented at
initial learning by gradually removing an oppositely signed perturbation or
enforced by abruptly removing the perturbation. Prior repetition of the action
required to eliminate errors in the savings block was either deprived or enforced
by manipulating target location in preceding trials. The data suggest that prior
experience of errors is both necessary and sufficient for savings, whereas prior
repetition of a successful action is neither necessary nor sufficient for
savings.
Copyright © 2016 the American Physiological Society.
DOI: 10.1152/jn.01055.2015
PMCID: PMC5144718
PMID: 27486109 [Indexed for MEDLINE]