Role of Endocannabinoids in Energy-Balance Regulation in Participants in the Postobese State-a PREVIEW Study.

Mathijs Drummen, Lea Tischmann, Blandine Gatta-Cherifi, Daniela Cota, Isabelle Matias, Anne Raben, Tanja Adam, Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2020-04-25; 105(7): e2511-e2520
DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa193

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Context
Endocannabinoids are suggested to play a role in energy balance regulation.

Objective
We aimed to investigate associations of endocannabinoid concentrations during the day with energy balance and adiposity and interactions with 2 diets differing in protein content in participants in the postobese phase with prediabetes.

Design and Participants
Participants (n = 38) were individually fed in energy balance with a medium protein (MP: 15:55:30% of energy from protein:carbohydrate:fat) or high-protein diet (HP: 25:45:30% energy from P:C:F) for 48 hours in a respiration chamber.

Main Outcome Measures
Associations between energy balance, energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, and endocannabinoid concentrations during the day were assessed.

Results
Plasma-concentrations of anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA), palmitoyethanolamide (PEA), and pregnenolone (PREG) significantly decreased during the day. This decrease was inversely related to body mass index (AEA) or body fat (%) (PEA; OEA). The lowest RQ value, before lunch, was inversely associated with concentrations of AEA and PEA before lunch. Area under the curve (AUC) of concentrations of AEA, 2-AG, PEA, and OEA were positively related to body fat% (P < .05).
The HP and MP groups showed no differences in concentrations of AEA, OEA, PEA, and PREG, but the AUC of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) was significantly higher in the HP vs the MP group.

Conclusions
In energy balance, only the endocannabinoid 2-AG changed in relation to protein level of the diet, whereas the endocannabinoid AEA and endocannabinoid-related compounds OEA and PEA reflected the gradual energy intake matching energy expenditure during the day.

Auteurs Bordeaux Neurocampus