Gonadulins, the fourth type of insulin-related peptides in decapods.

Veenstra JA(1).

Author information:
(1)INCIA UMR 5287 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France. Electronic
address: .

Insulin and related peptides play important roles in the regulation of growth and
reproduction. Until recently three different types of insulin-related peptides
had been identified from decapod crustaceans. The identification of two novel
insulin-related peptides from Sagmariasus verreauxi and Cherax quadricarinatus
suggested that there might a fourth type. Publicly available short read archives
show that orthologs of these peptides are commonly present in these animals. Most
decapods have two genes coding such peptides, but Penaeus species have likely
only one and some palaemonids have three. Interestingly, expression levels can
vary more than thousand-fold in the gonads of Portunus trituberculatus, where
gonadulin 1 is expressed by the testis and gonadulin 2 by the ovary. Although
these peptides are also expressed in other tissues, the occasionally very high
expression in the gonads led to them being called gonadulins.

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