Genomic architecture of human neuroanatomical diversity.
Mol Psychiatry. 2014-09-16; 20(8): 1011-1016
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.99
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Toro R(1), Poline JB(2), Huguet G(1), Loth E(3), Frouin V(4), Banaschewski T(5),
Barker GJ(6), Bokde A(7), Büchel C(8), Carvalho FM(3), Conrod P(9), Fauth-Bühler
M(10), Flor H(11), Gallinat J(12), Garavan H(13), Gowland P(14), Heinz A(12),
Ittermann B(15), Lawrence C(16), Lemaître H(17), Mann K(10), Nees F(11), Paus
T(18), Pausova Z(19), Rietschel M(20), Robbins T(21), Smolka MN(22), Ströhle
A(12), Schumann G(23), Bourgeron T(24); IMAGEN consortium.
Collaborators: Schumann G, Mann K, Robbins TW, Klaassen A, Poline JB, Heinz A,
Constant P, Stephens DN, Büchel C, Speiser C, Ireland J, Zysset A, Paus T,
Lanzerath D, Garavan H, Martinot JL, Ittermann B, Smolka M, Pausova Z.
Author information:
(1)1] Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Neuroscience Department, Institut
Pasteur, Paris, France [2] CNRS URA 2182 ‘Genes, synapses and cognition’, Paris,
France [3] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and
Cognitive Functions, Paris, France.
(2)1] Henry H. Wheeler, Jr. Brain Imaging Center, University of California at
Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA [2] Neurospin, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et
aux Énergies Alternatives, Paris, France.
(3)1] Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of
Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK [2] MRC Social, Genetic and
Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
(4)Henry H. Wheeler, Jr. Brain Imaging Center, University of California at
Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
(5)Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central
Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University,
Mannheim, Germany.
(6)Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of
Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK.
(7)Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of
Neurosciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
(8)University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
(9)1] Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of
Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK [2] Department of Psychiatry,
Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
(10)Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute
of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim,
Germany.
(11)Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of
Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim,
Germany.
(12)Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte,
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
(13)1] Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute
of Neurosciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland [2] Departments of
Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
(14)Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington,
VT, USA.
(15)Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany.
(16)School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
(17)1] Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM CEA Unit
1000, ‘Imaging & Psychiatry’, University Paris Sud, Orsay, France [2] Department
of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de
Paris, Maison de Solenn, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
(18)1] School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK [2]
Psychology and Psychiatry Department, Rotman Research Institute, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada [3] Department of Psychiatry, Université de
Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
(19)The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(20)Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental
Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
(21)Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute,
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
(22)1] Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden, Germany [2] Department of Psychology, Neuroimaging Center,
Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
(23)1] Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of
Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK [2] MRC Social, Genetic and
Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK [3]
Fondamental Foundation, Créteil, France.
(24)1] Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Neuroscience Department, Institut
Pasteur, Paris, France [2] CNRS URA 2182 ‘Genes, synapses and cognition’, Paris,
France [3] Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and
Cognitive Functions, Paris, France [4] Fondamental Foundation, Créteil, France.
Human brain anatomy is strikingly diverse and highly inheritable: genetic factors
may explain up to 80% of its variability. Prior studies have tried to detect
genetic variants with a large effect on neuroanatomical diversity, but those
currently identified account for