Function and regulation of Rnd proteins in cortical projection neuron migration.
Front. Neurosci.. 2015-02-06; 9:
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00019
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1. Front Neurosci. 2015 Feb 6;9:19. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00019. eCollection 2015.
Function and regulation of Rnd proteins in cortical projection neuron migration.
Azzarelli R(1), Guillemot F(2), Pacary E(3).
Author information:
(1)Cambridge Department of Oncology, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of
Cambridge Cambridge, UK.
(2)Division of Molecular Neurobiology, MRC National Institute for Medical
Research London, UK.
(3)Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U862, Neurocentre
Magendie Bordeaux, France ; Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France.
The mammalian cerebral cortex contains a high variety of neuronal subtypes that
acquire precise spatial locations and form long or short-range connections to
establish functional neuronal circuits. During embryonic development, cortical
projection neurons are generated in the areas lining the lateral ventricles and
they subsequently undergo radial migration to reach the position of their final
maturation within the cortical plate. The control of the neuroblast migratory
behavior and the coordination of the migration process with other neurogenic
events such as cell cycle exit, differentiation and final maturation are crucial
to normal brain development. Among the key regulators of cortical neuron
migration, the small GTP binding proteins of the Rho family and the atypical Rnd
members play important roles in integrating intracellular signaling pathways into
changes in cytoskeletal dynamics and motility behavior. Here we review the role
of Rnd proteins during cortical neuronal migration and we discuss both the
upstream mechanisms that regulate Rnd protein activity and the downstream
molecular pathways that mediate Rnd effects on cell cytoskeleton.
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00019
PMCID: PMC4319381
PMID: 25705175