Focus on the essentials: tryptophan metabolism and the microbiome-gut-brain axis
Current Opinion in Pharmacology. 2019-10-01; 48: 137-145
DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.08.004
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1. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2019 Oct;48:137-145. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.08.004.
Epub 2019 Oct 14.
Focus on the essentials: tryptophan metabolism and the microbiome-gut-brain
axis.
Gheorghe CE(1), Martin JA(2), Manriquez FV(2), Dinan TG(2), Cryan JF(1), Clarke
G(3).
Author information:
(1)Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College
Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College
Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork,
Ireland.
(2)Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College
Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork,
Ireland.
(3)Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College
Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork,
Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Electronic address: .
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the central
nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, in which serotonin (5-HT)
functions as a key neurotransmitter. Recent research has increasingly
concentrated on tryptophan, the precursor to 5-HT and on the microbial
regulation of tryptophan metabolism, with an emphasis on host-microbe control
over kynurenine pathway metabolism and microbial-specific pathways that generate
bioactive tryptophan metabolites. Here, we critically assess recent progress
made towards a mechanistic understanding of the microbial regulation of
tryptophan metabolism and microbiota-gut-brain axis homeostasis highlighting the
role tryptophan metabolism plays in preclinical and clinical neuroscience and in
the challenge to improve our understanding of how perturbed tryptophan
metabolism contributes to stress-related psychiatric disorders.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.08.004
PMID: 31610413 [Indexed for MEDLINE]