Examination of emotion-induced changes in eating: A latent profile analysis of the Emotional Appetite Questionnaire
Appetite. 2018-04-01; 123: 72-81
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.11.108
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1. Appetite. 2018 Apr 1;123:72-81. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.11.108. Epub 2017
Dec 2.
Examination of emotion-induced changes in eating: A latent profile analysis of
the Emotional Appetite Questionnaire.
Bourdier L(1), Morvan Y(2), Kotbagi G(3), Kern L(4), Romo L(5), Berthoz S(6).
Author information:
(1)EA4430 CLIPSYD, University Paris Nanterre, 92000, Nanterre, France.
Electronic address: .
(2)EA4430 CLIPSYD, University Paris Nanterre, 92000, Nanterre, France; INSERM
U894 CPN, SHU Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, 75014, Paris, France.
(3)EA 3742 SENS, Université Grenoble-Alpes, UFRAPS, 38041, Grenoble, France.
(4)EA4430 CLIPSYD, University Paris Nanterre, 92000, Nanterre, France; EA2931
CERSM, UFR-STAPS, University Paris Nanterre, 92000, Nanterre, France.
(5)EA4430 CLIPSYD, University Paris Nanterre, 92000, Nanterre, France; INSERM
U894 CPN, CMME Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, 75014, Paris, France.
(6)CESP, INSERM, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, 94800,
Villejuif, France; Psychiatry Unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 75014,
Paris, France.
It is now recognized that emotions can influence food intake. While some people
report eating less when distressed, others report either no change of eating or
eating more in the same condition. The question whether this interindividual
variability also occurs in response to positive emotions has been overlooked in
most studies on Emotional Eating (EE). Using the Emotional Appetite
Questionnaire (EMAQ) and Latent Profile Analysis, this study aimed to examine
the existence of latent emotion-induced changes in eating profiles, and explore
how these profiles differ by testing their relations with 1) age and sex, 2) BMI
and risk for eating disorders (ED) and 3) factors that are known to be
associated with EE such as perceived positive/negative feelings, depression,
anxiety, stress symptoms and impulsivity. Among 401 university students (245
females) who completed the EMAQ, 3 profiles emerged (P1:11.2%, P2:60.1%,
P3:28.7%), with distinct patterns of eating behaviors in response to negative
emotions and situations but few differences regarding positive ones. Negative
emotional overeaters (P1) and negative emotional undereaters (P3) reported
similar levels of emotional distress and positive feelings, and were at greater
risk for ED. However, the people in the former profile i) reported decreasing
their food intake in a positive context, ii) were in majority females, iii) had
higher BMI and iv) were more prone to report acting rashly when experiencing
negative emotions. Our findings suggest that a person-centred analysis of the
EMAQ scores offers a promising way to capture the inter-individual variability
of emotionally-driven eating behaviors. These observations also add to the
growing literature underscoring the importance of further investigating the role
of different facets of impulsivity in triggering overeating and to develop more
targeted interventions of EE.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.11.108
PMID: 29203443 [Indexed for MEDLINE]