Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related encephalitis: a retrospective cohort study.
The Lancet Regional Health - Europe. 2024-09-01; 44: 101011
DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101011
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1. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2024 Jul 25;44:101011. doi:
10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101011. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related
encephalitis: a retrospective cohort study.
Farina A(1)(2), Villagrán-García M(1)(2), Fourier A(3), Pinto AL(1)(2), Chorfa
F(4), Timestit N(1)(2), Alberto T(5), Aupy J(6)(7), Benaiteau M(1)(2), Birzu
C(8)(9), Campetella L(1)(2), Cotton F(10), Dalle S(11)(12), Delaruelle
CF(12)(13), Dumez P(1)(2), Germi R(14), Le Maréchal M(15), Maillet D(12)(16),
Marignier R(17), Pegat A(18)(19), Psimaras D(8)(9), Rafiq M(20), Picard G(1)(2),
Desestret V(1)(2), Quadrio I(3), Honnorat J(1)(2), Joubert B(1)(2)(12).
Author information:
(1)French Reference Centre on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and
Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique, Bron,
France.
(2)MeLiS-UCBL-CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U1314, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
Lyon, France.
(3)Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSERM,
Lyon, France.
(4)Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices
Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
(5)Department of Neurology, CRC SEP, Centre Hospitalier of Lille, Lille, France.
(6)Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier of Bordeaux,
Bordeaux, France.
(7)CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
(8)AP-HP, Hospital Group Pitié-Salpêtrière, Neuro-oncology Department Paris,
France.
(9)Inserm U1127, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Paris,
France.
(10)Radiology Department, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon,
Pierre-Bénite, France.
(11)Deparment of Dermatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon
Sud, Pierre Bénite, France.
(12)ImmuCare, Institute of Cancerology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69002,
France.
(13)Department of Pneumology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon
Sud, Pierre Bénite, France.
(14)Virology, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
(15)Infectious Disease Unit, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble,
France.
(16)Department of Medical Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier
Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France.
(17)Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et
Neuro-inflammation, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
(18)Service ENMG et Pathologies Neuromusculaires, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre
Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
(19)Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle, CNRS UMR 5261, INSERM
U1315, INMG, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est,
Lyon, France.
(20)Department of Cognitive Neurology, Epilepsy and Movement Disorders, Toulouse
Purpan University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France.
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related encephalitis (ICI-encephalitis)
is not well characterised and diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are lacking.
We aimed to comprehensively characterise ICI-encephalitis and identify
diagnostic biomarkers and outcome predictors.
METHODS: This retrospective observational study included all patients with
ICI-encephalitis studied in the French Reference Centre on Paraneoplastic
Neurological Syndromes (PNS) and Autoimmune Encephalitis (2015-2023). ICI
encephalitis was considered definite in case of inflammatory findings at
paraclinical tests and/or well-characterised neural antibodies. Predictors of
immune-related adverse event (irAE) treatment response, defined as a Common
Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0 grade