Chronic low-grade peripheral inflammation is associated with severe nicotine dependence in schizophrenia: results from the national multicentric FACE-SZ cohort.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2017-02-25; 267(5): 465-472
DOI: 10.1007/s00406-017-0771-4
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Fond G(1)(2)(3), Berna F(4)(5), Andrianarisoa M(4)(6)(7), Godin O(4)(8)(9),
Leboyer M(4)(6)(7), Brunel L(4)(6)(7), Aouizerate B(4)(10)(11)(12), Capdevielle
D(4)(13), Chereau I(4)(14), D’Amato T(4)(15), Denizot H(4)(14), Dubertret
C(4)(16), Dubreucq J(4)(17), Faget C(4)(18), Gabayet F(4)(17), Llorca PM(4)(14),
Mallet J(4)(16), Misdrahi D(4)(10)(19), Passerieux C(4)(20), Richieri R(4)(18),
Rey R(4)(15), Schandrin A(4)(13), Urbach M(4)(20), Vidailhet P(4)(5), Boyer
L(4)(21), Schürhoff F(4)(6)(7); FACE-SZ (FondaMental Academic Centers of
Expertise for Schizophrenia) group.
Author information:
(1)Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France. .
(2)Clinique Jeanne d’Arc-Hôpital Privé Parisien, Saint-Mandé, France.
.
(3)CHU Carémeau, Nîmes, France. .
(4)Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
(5)Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM
U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg,
France.
(6)INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle, Créteil, France.
(7)Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux
Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil, France.
(8)UPMC University Paris 06, UMRS 943, 75013, Paris, France.
(9)INSERM, UMRS 943, 75013, Paris, France.
(10)Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Université de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux,
France.
(11)Bordeaux Sleep Clinique, Pellegrin University Hospital, Bordeaux University,
USR CNRS 3413 SANPSY, Research Unit, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
(12)Inserm, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale,
U862, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
(13)Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU
Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm, 1061, Montpellier, France.
(14)CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université d’Auvergne, BP 69 63003,
Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France.
(15)INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon,
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier,
Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678, Bron Cedex, France.
(16)AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm
U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine,
Colombes, France.
(17)Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes Isère, Grenoble,
France.
(18)Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), pôle universitaire de
psychiatrie, Marseille, France.
(19)CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, Bordeaux, France.
(20)Service de psychiatrie d’adulte, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, UFR des
Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en
Yvelines, Versailles, France.
(21)Pôle psychiatrie universitaire, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 13274, Marseille
cedex 09, France.
Chronic peripheral inflammation (CPI) has been associated with cognitive
impairment in schizophrenia (SZ). However, its sources remain unclear, more
specifically it is not known whether tobacco smoking is a source of inflammation
or not in SZ subjects. Moreover, nicotine (NIC), the major psychoactive compound
of tobacco, shows strong anti-inflammatory properties in vitro, as well as
inducing a severe biological dependence when administered repeatedly. The
objective of the present study was to determine if CPI was associated with
tobacco smoking and/or NIC dependence in schizophrenia. Three hundred and forty
five stabilized community-dwelling SZ subjects aged 16 years or older (mean
age = 32 years, 73% male) were consecutively included in the network of the
FondaMental Expert Centers for Schizophrenia and assessed with validated scales.
CPI was defined by a highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) ≥3 mg/L.
Current tobacco status was self-declared. Severe NIC dependence was defined by a
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence score ≥7. Overall, 159 (46.1%) were
non-smokers, 117 (33.9%) and 69 (20%) were current tobacco smokers with,
respectively, low and severe nicotine dependence. In a multivariate model, CPI
remained associated with severe NIC dependence (29 vs 15%, OR = 2.8, p = 0.003)
and body mass index (OR = 1.1, p 0.05). CPI was
associated with severe NIC dependence but not with tobacco smoking with low to
moderate NIC dependence in SZ, independently of socio-demographic variables,
body mass index, alcohol consumption and antidepressant intake. This result
highlights the potential CPI consequences of the high prevalence of heavy
tobacco smoking in SZ, indicating the importance of new therapeutic strategies
for tobacco cessation in SZ.
DOI: 10.1007/s00406-017-0771-4
PMID: 28238173 [Indexed for MEDLINE]