A dynamic framework of brain functional patterns shaped by spontaneous thoughts beyond the default mode network

Cremona S(1), Gillig A(2), Mellet E(2), Joliot M(2).

Author information:
(1)Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, IMN, UMR 5293, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000,
Bordeaux, France. .
(2)Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, IMN, UMR 5293, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000,
Bordeaux, France.

Cognitive functions emerge from the dynamic interplay of distributed,
large-scale brain networks. Functional connectivity (FC) reflects stable brain
organization and general cognitive abilities, while also capturing individual
variations in transient cognitive states. Analyzing data from 1,717
participants, we show that rich and diverse spontaneous thought profiles align
with distinct patterns of functional network integration. Evocative profiles
were linked to the integration of self-awareness, executive, and visual
networks; vigilant profile to salience and sensorimotor networks integration;
and fluctuating profile to executive networks integration. Conversely, visual
and verbal-predominant profiles were associated with the segregation of visual
and language networks, respectively. Covering the full spectrum of observed
spontaneous thought profiles, these findings reconceptualize the resting-state
as a dynamic, distributed pattern of FC, varying across individuals and defined
by the intricate balance of functional network integration and segregation,
rather than a simple ‘default mode network.’

© 2025. The Author(s).

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-10432-0
PMCID: PMC12322137
PMID: 40759678 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors
declare no competing interests.

Auteurs Bordeaux Neurocampus