Purinergic-associated immune responses in neurodegenerative diseases

Sara Carracedo, Agathe Launay, Paul-Alexandre Dechelle-Marquet, Emilie Faivre, David Blum, Cécile Delarasse, Eric Boué-Grabot
Progress in Neurobiology. 2024-12-01; 243: 102693
DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102693

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1. Prog Neurobiol. 2024 Nov 22;243:102693. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102693.
Online ahead of print.

Purinergic-associated immune responses in neurodegenerative diseases.

Carracedo S(1), Launay A(2), Dechelle-Marquet PA(3), Faivre E(2), Blum D(2),
Delarasse C(3), Boué-Grabot E(4).

Author information:
(1)Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux F-33000, France.
(2)Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172, LilNCog, « Alzheimer &
Tauopathies », LabEx DISTALZ, Lille F-59000, France.
(3)Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17, rue
Moreau, Paris F-75012, France.
(4)Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux F-33000, France. Electronic
address: .

The chronic activation of immune cells can participate in the development of
pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s
disease (AD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s
disease (HD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). In recent years,
compelling evidence indicates that purinergic signaling plays a key role in
neuro-immune cell functions. The extracellular release of adenosine
5′-triphosphate (ATP), and its breakdown products (ADP and adenosine) provide
the versatile basis for complex purinergic signaling through the activation of
several families of receptors. G-protein coupled adenosine A2A receptors,
ionotropic P2X and G-protein coupled P2Y receptors for ATP and other nucleotides
are abundant and widely distributed in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes of the
central nervous system as well as in peripheral immune cells. These receptors
are strongly linked to inflammation, with a functional interplay that may
influence the intricate purinergic signaling involved in inflammatory responses.
In the present review, we examine the roles of the purinergic receptors in
neuro-immune cell functions with particular emphasis on A2AR, P2X4 and P2X7 and
their possible relevance to specific neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding
the molecular mechanisms governing purinergic receptor interaction will be
crucial for advancing the development of effective immunotherapies targeting
neurodegenerative diseases.