Patternable Gelatin Methacrylate/PEDOT/Polystyrene Sulfonate Microelectrode Coatings for Neuronal Recording
ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.. 2022-08-17; 8(9): 3933-3943
DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00231
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Bansal M(1), Vyas Y(2), Aqrawe Z(3), Raos B(1), Cheah E(1), Montgomery J(2), Wu Z(1), Svirskis D(1).
Author information:
(1)School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
(2)Department of Physiology and Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical
and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
(3)Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health
Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
This manuscript addresses the need for new soft biomaterials that can be
fabricated on the surface of microelectrodes to reduce the mechanical mismatch
between biological tissues and electrodes and improve the performance at the
neural interface. By electrochemical polymerization of poly(3,4-dioxythiophene)
(PEDOT)/polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) through a gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)
hydrogel, we demonstrate the synthesis of a conducting polymer hydrogel (CPH) to
meet the performance criteria of bioelectrodes. The hybrid material can be
photolithographically patterned and covalently attached to gold microelectrodes,
forming an interpenetrating network, as confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. The
GelMA/PEDOT/PSS coatings were found to be reversibly electroactive by cyclic
voltammetry and had low impedance compared to bare gold and GelMA-coated
microelectrodes. The CPH coatings showed impedance at levels similar to
conventional PEDOT/PSS coatings at a frequency of 1000 Hz. CPH exhibited
electrochemical stability over 1000 CV cycles, and its performance was
maintained over 14 days. Biocompatibility of the CPH coatings was confirmed by
primary hippocampal neuronal cultures via a neuronal viability assay. The
CPH-coated microelectrode arrays (MEAs) successfully recorded neuronal activity
from primary hippocampal neuronal cells. The CPH GelMA/PEDOT/PSS is a highly
promising coating material to enhance microelectrode performance at the neural
interface.