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DTSTART:20190331T010000
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DTSTART:20191027T010000
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20190711T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20190711T113000
DTSTAMP:20260420T064944
CREATED:20190704T090011Z
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UID:109095-1562844600-1562844600@www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr
SUMMARY:Séminaire - Thierry Alquier
DESCRIPTION:Lieu : Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine \n\nThierry Alquier\nPhD\nAssociate Professor\, Department of Medicine\, Université de Montréal\nHead\, Cardiometabolic research theme at CRCHUM\nCo-director\, Montreal Diabetes Research Center\nDirector\, CRCHUM Metabolic Phenotyping Core Facility\nMontreal\nCanada \nThierry Alquier est en sabbatique à NutriNeuro en juillet-août 2019 \n\nAbtract\nThe hypothalamus plays a key role in the regulation of appetite and body weight.  This control relies on neuronal populations that sense circulating metabolic signals including lipids and activate neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to maintain body weight. \nLong time though to be the “glue” that holds the brain together\, glial cells are now recognized for their key roles in brain energetics\, neuronal activity and plasticity. Astrocytes\, the most abundant glial cells\, are implicated in complex and fundamental behaviours such as breathing and sleeping\, and have recently emerged as key players in energy homeostasis. \nHowever\, the mechanisms by which hypothalamic astrocytes affect energy balance neurocircuitry remain largely unknown. We identified Acyl-CoA Binding Protein (ACBP) as a protein strongly expressed in hypothalamic astrocytes where it regulates the intracellular metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids. ACBP is also secreted and cleaved to generate endozepines including the octadecaneuropeptide which modulate GABAA receptor signaling. We demonstrated that targeted ACBP loss-of-function in astrocytes promoted diet-induced hyperphagia and obesity in both male and female mice\, an effect prevented by genetic rescue of ACBP in arcuate astrocytes. Interestingly\, mice with astroglial ACBP deficiency were unresponsive to the anorectic effect of oleic acid. The ACBP-derived octadecaneuropeptide selectively activated anorectic pro-opiomelanocortin neurons in the arcuate nucleus via a GABAA-independent mechanism and supressed feeding while increasing carbohydrate utilization via the melanocortin system\, and induced weight loss in obese mice.  These findings uncovered ACBP as a hypothalamic gliopeptide playing a key role in energy balance and exerting strong anorectic effects via the central melanocortin system. \nReferences\nThe gliotransmitter ACBP controls feeding and energy homeostasis via the melanocortin system.\nBouyakdan K\, Martin H\, Liénard F\, Budry L\, Taib B\, Rodaros D\, Chrétien C\, Biron É\, Husson Z\, Cota D\, Pénicaud L\, Fulton S\, Fioramonti X\, Alquier T.\nJ Clin Invest. 2019;130:2417-2430. \nOleic Acid in the Ventral Tegmental Area Inhibits Feeding\, Food Reward\, and Dopamine Tone.\nHryhorczuk C\, Sheng Z\, Décarie-Spain L\, Giguère N\, Ducrot C\, Trudeau LÉ\, Routh VH\, Alquier T\, Fulton S.\nNeuropsychopharmacology. 2018;43(3):607-616. \nSaturated high-fat feeding independent of obesity alters hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function but not anxiety-like behaviour.\nHryhorczuk C\, Décarie-Spain L\, Sharma S\, Daneault C\, Rosiers CD\, Alquier T\, Fulton S.\nPsychoneuroendocrinology. 2017;83:142-149. \nα/β-Hydrolase Domain 6 in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Controls Energy Metabolism Flexibility.\nFisette A\, Tobin S\, Décarie-Spain L\, Bouyakdan K\, Peyot ML\, Madiraju SRM\, Prentki M\, Fulton S\, Alquier T.\nCell Rep. 2016;17(5):1217-1226. \nDBI/ACBP loss-of-function does not affect anxiety-like behaviour but reduces anxiolytic responses to diazepam in mice.\nBudry L\, Bouyakdan K\, Tobin S\, Rodaros D\, Marcher AB\, Mandrup S\, Fulton S\, Alquier T.\nBehav Brain Res. 2016;313:201-207. \nA novel role for central ACBP/DBI as a regulator of long-chain fatty acid metabolism in astrocytes.\nBouyakdan K\, Taïb B\, Budry L\, Zhao S\, Rodaros D\, Neess D\, Mandrup S\, Faergeman NJ\, Alquier T.\nJ Neurochem. 2015;133(2):253-65. \n  \n
URL:https://www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr/event/seminaire-thierry-alquier/
CATEGORIES:A la une,Pour les scientifiques,Séminaire Impromptu
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