{"id":147112,"date":"2022-04-14T18:00:04","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T16:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/lequipe-de-nicolas-mallet-et-arthur-leblois-laureate-de-la-frm\/"},"modified":"2022-04-15T11:43:42","modified_gmt":"2022-04-15T09:43:42","slug":"lequipe-de-nicolas-mallet-et-arthur-leblois-laureate-de-la-frm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/lequipe-de-nicolas-mallet-et-arthur-leblois-laureate-de-la-frm\/","title":{"rendered":"L’\u00e9quipe de Nicolas Mallet et Arthur Leblois laur\u00e9ate de la FRM"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Nicolas Mallet, Arthur Leblois<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

F\u00e9licitations \u00e0 l’\u00e9quipe “Dynamique des R\u00e9seaux de l’Apprentissage Proc\u00e9dural<\/a>” dirig\u00e9e par Nicolas Mallet et Arthur Leblois \u00e0 l’IMN, laur\u00e9ate “Equipe FRM 2022”<\/p>\n

Projet<\/h3>\n

Activit\u00e9 neuronale oscillatoire dans les<\/span> circuits des ganglions de la base<\/span> pendant le mouvement normal et<\/span> pathologique: Au-del\u00e0 des gammes <\/span>de fr\u00e9quences<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

De nombreuses affections neurologiques se manifestent par la difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 ex\u00e9cuter certains mouvements ou par l\u2019apparition de mouvements anormaux. Classiquement, ces troubles moteurs s\u2019expliquent par l\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019oscillations d\u2019activit\u00e9 au sein d\u2019un r\u00e9seau neuronal incluant des structures sous-corticales (les ganglions de la base), le thalamus et le cortex c\u00e9r\u00e9bral. Ces oscillations anormales refl\u00e8tent une activit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique rythmique dans les diff\u00e9rentes populations de neurones du r\u00e9seau. Elles interf\u00e8rent avec le fonctionnement normal du circuit, notamment pendant l\u2019ex\u00e9cution d\u2019un mouvement. La fr\u00e9quence des oscillations peut varier en fonction de la pathologie (Parkinson, dystonie, \u00e9pilepsie) et de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce (rongeur, primate, patient). Les m\u00e9canismes impliqu\u00e9s dans la gen\u00e8se et la propagation des oscillations ne sont
\ntoujours pas \u00e9lucid\u00e9s, et leur implication directe dans les sympt\u00f4mes moteurs concomitants (ralentissement de mouvements volontaires dans la maladie de Parkinson ou mouvements involontaires dans les dyskin\u00e9sies, la dystonie ou l\u2019\u00e9pilepsie) reste \u00e0 \u00e9tablir. Dans ce projet, nous proposons d\u2019\u00e9tudier l\u2019importance de la synchronisation des activit\u00e9s neuronales oscillatoires entre diff\u00e9rentes structures du circuit – plut\u00f4t que leur fr\u00e9quence – dans l\u2019\u00e9mergence des sympt\u00f4mes moteurs. Pour cela, nous utiliserons un mod\u00e8le math\u00e9matique qui simule le fonctionnement du r\u00e9seau neuronal pr\u00e9cit\u00e9. Ensuite, nous testerons les pr\u00e9dictions du mod\u00e8le en caract\u00e9risant l\u2019activit\u00e9 oscillante du r\u00e9seau pendant le mouvement dans des mod\u00e8les animaux des pathologies consid\u00e9r\u00e9es (rat et singe parkinsonien souffrant ou non de dyskin\u00e9sies) ou chez les patients (Parkinson, dystonie et \u00e9pilepsie). Nos r\u00e9sultats permettront de proposer de nouveaux biomarqueurs et de nouvelles cibles th\u00e9rapeutiques qui seront ensuite test\u00e9es chez l\u2019animal pour d\u00e9velopper des strat\u00e9gies th\u00e9rapeutiques innovantes chez l\u2019homme visant \u00e0 restaurer le mouvement.<\/p>\n

English version<\/h3>\n

Oscillatory activity in basal ganglia circuits during normal and pathological movement: Beyond frequency range <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Many neurological disorders are manifested by the difficulty to execute certain movements or by the appearance of abnormal movements. Classically, these motor disorders are explained by the emergence of oscillations of activity within a neuronal network including subcortical structures (the basal ganglia), the thalamus and the cerebral cortex. These abnormal oscillations reflect rhythmic electrical activity in different populations of neurons in the network. They interfere with the normal functioning of the circuit, especially during the execution of a movement. The frequency of oscillations can vary according to the pathology (Parkinson, dystonia, epilepsy) and the species (rodent, primate, patient). The mechanisms involved in the genesis and propagation of oscillations are still not elucidated, and their direct implication in concomitant motor symptoms (slowing of voluntary movements in Parkinson’s disease or involuntary movements in dyskinesias, dystonia or epilepsy) remains to be established. In this project, we propose to study the importance of the synchronization of oscillatory neuronal activities between different structures of the circuit – rather than their frequency – in the emergence of motor symptoms. To do so, we will use a mathematical model that simulates the functioning of the above-mentioned neural network. Then, we will test the predictions of the model by characterizing the oscillating activity of the network during movement in animal models of the considered pathologies (Parkinsonian rat and monkey with or without dyskinesias) or in patients (Parkinson, dystonia and epilepsy). Our results will allow us to propose new biomarkers and new therapeutic targets which will then be tested in animals to develop innovative therapeutic strategies aiming at restoring normal movement.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe<\/h3>\n

Dynamique des R\u00e9seaux de l’Apprentissage Proc\u00e9dural<\/a><\/p>\n

A propos de l’AAP “Equipes FRM”<\/h3>\n

\"\"La Fondation pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (FRM) apporte un soutien fort et durable \u00e0 des<\/span> \u00e9quipes proposant un programme de recherche<\/span> innovant en biologie avec des applications<\/span> potentielles en sant\u00e9. L’objectif est de soutenir une quarantaine d\u2019\u00e9quipes labellis\u00e9es Equipes <\/span>FRM 2022.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.frm.org\/upload\/chercheurs\/pdf\/ao-equipes-frm-2022.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“Equipe FRM 2022”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":108,"featured_media":147108,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[91,133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-147112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-awards","category-fundings"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/108"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147112"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":147269,"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147112\/revisions\/147269"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/147108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}