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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20210325T090000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20210325T090000
DTSTAMP:20260605T152243
CREATED:20210222T112030Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210301T155429Z
UID:131487-1616662800-1616662800@www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr
SUMMARY:Thesis defense - Nanci Winke
DESCRIPTION:\n	\n		\n			Videoconference \n\nTitle : Brainstem somatostatin-expressing cells control the emotional regulation of pain behavior \nDefense in english\n \nThesis supervisor : Dr. Cyril Herry (Neurocentre Magendie) \nAbstract\nWhen in the presence of a threatening situation\, mammals display a broad range of fear responses\, including freezing\, avoidance\, autonomous responses\, and analgesia. Indeed\, following fear conditioning\, a reduction of pain sensitivity has been observed\, a phenomenon called fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA). It is defined as a reduction of pain sensitivity upon re-exposure to a cue previously paired with a noxious stimulus. Whereas the structures and mechanisms involved in pain behavior are well documented\, little is known about the precise neuronal circuits mediating the emotional regulation of pain behavior. Among the structures involved in conditioned fear behavior\, the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG) has been identified as a critical structure for the expression of several defensive reactions\, including freezing. Interestingly\, this brain region is also a fundamental structure in the ascending and descending pain pathways. Moreover\, it has been shown that electrical stimulation of the ventrolateral PAG (vlPAG) induces strong analgesia\, indicating that this structure can\, in addition to freezing responses\, modulate pain signals. Therefore\, the vlPAG might be at the core of the emotional modulation of pain behavior. Here we used a combination of behavioral\, anatomical\, optogenetic\, and electrophysiological approaches to show that somatostatin-expressing neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter (vlPAG SST cells) promotes antinociceptive responses during the presentation of conditioned stimuli predicting a noxious stimulus. Whereas the optogenetic inhibition of vlPAG SST cells promoted analgesia\, their optogenetic activation reduced analgesia by potentiating pain responses in the spinal cord through a relay in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM). Together these results identify a brainstem circuit composed of vlPAG SST cells specifically projecting to the RVM and mediating FCA to regulate pain responses during threatful situations. \n  \nKeywords: Analgesia\, auditory fear conditioning\, brainstem\, optogenetics. \n\nJury\n\nDr. Joshua JOHANSEN – RIKEN CBS – Tokyo\nDr. David FINN – Centre for Pain Research – Galway\nDr. Nadine GOGOLLA  -Max Planck Institute – Munich\nDr. Lisa ROUX – IINS – Bordeaux\nPr. Pascal FOSSAT –  IMN – Bordeaux \n\n		\n	\n\n	\n		\n			 \nNanci Winke\nTeam Herry\nNeurocentre Magendie \nPublication \n\nRozeske RR\, Jercog D\, Karalis N\, Chaudun F\, Khoder S\, Girard D\, Winke N\, Herry C.\nPrefrontal-Periaqueductal Gray-Projecting Neurons Mediate Context Fear Discrimination.\nNeuron. 2018 Feb 21;97(4):898-910.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.12.044.\nEpub 2018 Feb 3. PMID: 29398355. \n  \n\n\n		\n	\n\n
URL:https://www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr/en/event/thesis-defense-nanci-winke/
CATEGORIES:Thesis
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20210325T143000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20210325T143000
DTSTAMP:20260605T152243
CREATED:20210309T155647Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210317T132717Z
UID:132246-1616682600-1616682600@www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr
SUMMARY:Thesis defense - Dario Cupolillo
DESCRIPTION:\n	\n		\n			Via zoom : https://u-bordeaux-fr.zoom.us/j/81268658462\nID de réunion : 812 6865 8462 \nTitle\nComparing properties of CA3 engram neurons over initial periods of encoding and early phase of consolidation \nAbstract\nForming new memories after a one-time experience requires initial encoding then consolidation over time. During learning\, multimodal information converges onto the hippocampus\, activating sparse neuronal assemblies. Activated neurons are believed to form a memory representation through concerted activity and synaptic interconnectivity. Computational and behavioral studies point at the hippocampal CA3 region as a key structure involved in multimodal information integration and initial memory storage. In this work\, we describe the development and validation of a novel tool for fast labeling of engram neurons (FLEN). FLEN is based on c-Fos activity-dependent transient expression of a destabilized fluorescent marker ZsGreen1 rapidly after one-trial learning (few hours). With FLEN\, we explore the electrophysiological properties of c-Fos activated CA3 neurons following one-trial learning of an episodic-like memory. In parallel\, we employ the Robust Activity Marker (RAM) system\, which provides activity-dependent labelling 24 hours following a novel experience. Comparing FLEN+ and RAM+ neurons allows to characterize how the properties of neuronal assemblies evolve after an initial phase of consolidation. We found that CA3 cellular recruitment in an engram is not predetermined by their excitability state\, but rather they progressively acquire increased excitability as compared to neurons which were not activated by the one-trial contextual memory task. Early CA3 neuronal engram showed an increased number of excitatory inputs which overall did not appear to be more efficient\, suggesting that LTP-like synaptic plasticity does not occurs early during the process of memory formation. Control of local inhibition of spiking influence CA3 PNs capacity to be engaged in an active ensemble of neurons. A comparison of FLEN+ and FLEN– CA3 neurons finally suggests less Mf-driven feedforward inhibition in the putative engram neurons which may facilitate spike transfer from the DG hence increased excitation. Overall\, the FLEN strategy appears as an excellent complement to the previously used labeling strategies which have assessed changes in engram neuron properties in the time range of days. With this approach\, we can show that both the intrinsic excitability and the synaptic properties of CA3 pyramidal neurons undergo progressive plastic changes over the first day following a one-trial memory task. \nKeywords: episodic memory\, engram\, electrophysiology\, neural circuits\, behavior. \nPublications\nManuscript in preparation: \nDario Cupollilo\, Noëlle Grosjean\, Catherine Marneffe\, Célia Reynaud\, Séverine\nDeforges and Christophe Mulle (2021). A novel viral tool for exploring the early properties of CA3 engram cells. \nManuscript in review: \nNan Jiang\, Dario Cupolillo\, Noelle Grosjean\, Emeline Muller\, Séverine Deforges\, Christophe Mulle and Thierry Amédée (2021). Impaired plasticity of intrinsic excitability in the dentate gyrus alters spike transfer in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease \nJury\n– Andreas Frick\, Neurocenter Magendie\, Bordeaux\, France (president)\n– Christine Gee\, Center for Molecular Neurobiology\, Hamburg\, Germany (rapporteur)\n– Valérie Crépel\, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée\, Marseille\, France (rapporteur)\n– Magdalena Sauvage\, Leibniz Institut for Neurobiology\, Magdeburg\, Germany (examinateur)\n\n		\n	\n\n	\n		\n			 \nDario Cupolillo\nTeam Mulle\nIINS \nThesis supervisor :\nChristophe Mulle \n\n		\n	\n\n
URL:https://www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr/en/event/thesis-defense-dario-cupolillo/
CATEGORIES:Thesis
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20210325T160000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20210325T160000
DTSTAMP:20260605T152243
CREATED:20210222T093034Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210317T092939Z
UID:131502-1616688000-1616688000@www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr
SUMMARY:Thesis defense - Silvia Pagliarini
DESCRIPTION:\n	\n		\n			Online: https://u-bordeaux-fr.zoom.us/ \nTitre : Modeling the neural network responsible for song learning \nDefense in english \nAbstract\nHumans learn to speak in a similar way as how songbirds learn to sing. Both learn to speak/sing by imitation from an early age going through the same stages of development. First they listen to their parents’ vocalizations\, then they try to reproduce them: initially babbling\, until their vocal output mimics those of their parents. Songbirds have dedicated brain circuits for vocal learning\, making them an ideal model for exploring the representation of imitative vocal learning. \nMy research project aims to build a bio-inspired model to describe imitative vocal learning. This model consists in a perceptual-motor loop where a sensory evaluation mechanism drives learning. The sound production is obtained from real recordings\, using recent developments in artificial intelligence. This project\, in between computer science and neuroscience\, may help to better understand imitative vocal learning\, and more generally sensorimotor learning. \nPublications about the thesis subject\nSilvia Pagliarini\, Arthur Leblois\, Xavier Hinaut. Vocal Imitation in Sensorimotor Learning Models: a Comparative Review. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems\, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers\, Inc\, 2020 \nSilvia Pagliarini\, Xavier Hinaut\, Arthur Leblois. A bio-inspired model towards vocal gesture learning in songbird. 2018 Joint IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning and Epigenetic Robotics (ICDL-EpiRob)\, Sep 2018\, Tokyo\, Japan. \nSilvia Pagliarini\, Arthur Leblois\, Xavier Hinaut. Towards Biological Plausibility of Vocal Learning Models: a Short Review. ICDL-Epirob Workshop on Continual Unsupervised Sensorimotor Learning\, Sep 2018\, Tokyo\, Japan. \nJury\nMme. DESAINTE-CATHERINE\, Myriam\, University of Bordeaux (Examinatrice)\nM. HAHNLOSER\, Richard\, ETH Zurich (Rapporteur)\nM. SCHWARTZ\, Jean-Luc\, CNRS (Rapporteur)\nMme. WARLAUMONT\, Anne\, University of California\, Los Angeles (Examinatrice) \n\n		\n	\n\n	\n		\n			 \nSilvia Pagliarini\nTeam Mnemosyne : synergie mnémonique\nIMN \nThesis supervisors: Xavier Hinaut and Arthur Leblois \n\n		\n	\n\n
URL:https://www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr/en/event/thesis-defense-silvia-pagliarini/
CATEGORIES:Thesis
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