Impact of prebiotics on metabolic and behavioral alterations in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome.
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2017-08-01; 64: 33-49
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.022
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1. Brain Behav Immun. 2017 Aug;64:33-49. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.022. Epub 2016
Dec 24.
Impact of prebiotics on metabolic and behavioral alterations in a mouse model of
metabolic syndrome.
de Cossío LF(1), Fourrier C(1), Sauvant J(1), Everard A(2), Capuron L(1), Cani
PD(2), Layé S(1), Castanon N(3).
Author information:
(1)INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux,
France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286,
33076 Bordeaux, France.
(2)Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO
(Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition
Research Group, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
(3)INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux,
France; Université de Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286,
33076 Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: .
Mounting evidence shows that the gut microbiota, an important player within the
gut-brain communication axis, can affect metabolism, inflammation, brain function
and behavior. Interestingly, gut microbiota composition is known to be altered in
patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), who also often display neuropsychiatric
symptoms. The use of prebiotics, which beneficially alters the microbiota, may
therefore be a promising way to potentially improve physical and mental health in
MetS patients. This hypothesis was tested in a mouse model of MetS, namely the
obese and type-2 diabetic db/db mice, which display emotional and cognitive
alterations associated with changes in gut microbiota composition and hippocampal
inflammation compared to their lean db/+ littermates. We assessed the impact of
chronic administration (8weeks) of prebiotics (oligofructose) on both metabolic
(body weight, food intake, glucose homeostasis) and behavioral (increased
anxiety-like behavior and impaired spatial memory) alterations characterizing
db/db mice, as well as related neurobiological correlates, with particular
attention to neuroinflammatory processes. Prebiotic administration improved
excessive food intake and glycemic dysregulations (glucose tolerance and insulin
resistance) in db/db mice. This was accompanied by an increase of plasma
anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels and hypothalamic mRNA expression of the
anorexigenic cytokine IL-1β, whereas unbalanced mRNA expression of hypothalamic
orexigenic (NPY) and anorexigenic (CART, POMC) peptides was unchanged. We also
detected signs of improved blood-brain-barrier integrity in the hypothalamus of
oligofructose-treated db/db mice (normalized expression of tight junction
proteins ZO-1 and occludin). On the contrary, prebiotic administration did not
improve behavioral alterations and associated reduction of hippocampal
neurogenesis displayed by db/db mice, despite normalization of increased
hippocampal IL-6 mRNA expression. Of note, we found a relationship between the
effect of treatment on dentate gyrus neurons and spatial memory. These findings
may prove valuable for introducing novel approaches to treat some of the
comorbidities associated with MetS.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.022
PMID: 28027925 [Indexed for MEDLINE]