Endogenous brain IL-1 mediates LPS-induced anorexia and hypothalamic cytokine expression
American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2000-07-01; 279(1): R93-R98
DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.1.R93
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The present study was designed to determine the role of endogenous brain interleukin (IL)-1 in the anorexic response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Intraperitoneal administration of LPS (5–10 μg/mouse) induced a dramatic, but transient, decrease in food intake, associated with an enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokine mRNA (IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) in the hypothalamus. This dose of LPS also increased plasma levels of IL-1β. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist (4 μg/mouse) attenuated LPS-induced depression of food intake and totally blocked the LPS-induced enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokine mRNA measured in the hypothalamus 1 h after treatment. In contrast, LPS-induced increases in plasma levels of IL-1β were not altered. These findings indicate that endogenous brain IL-1 plays a pivotal role in the development of the hypothalamic cytokine response to a systemic inflammatory stimulus.